Bonding and Structures
Chemical bond is a force of attraction holding atoms together in a molecule or crystal
Three types of chemical bonds
• Ionic bonding
• Covalent bonding
• Metallic bonding
Ionic bonding – involving metal and non-metal elements. Force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Only exception is compounds like ammonium salts. Although ammonium is made up entirely of NON_METAL, it is still an Ionic compound because it contains charges.
Covalent bond – formed between 2 combining atoms of non-metallic by mutual sharing of one or more electrons
Metallic bonding – type of chemical bond that holds the atoms together in a solid metal. It’s the attraction between the sea of electrons and the positive metal ions. (more important for pure chem.)
Covalent compounds
- simple molecular compounds like hydrogen molecule, water molecule etc.
- giant molecular structure like diamonds and silicon dioxide (pure)
- graphite
Ionic compounds – self explanatory
Metallic substances – pure metals and alloys
Types of substances
Simple molecular
Types of bonds broken during change of state: Intermolecular forces of attraction.
Strength of the bond broken:Weak
Melting point and Boiling point:Low
Giant molecular or Giant Covalent
Types of bonds broken during change of state:Covalent
Strength of the bond broken:Strong
Melting point and Boiling point:High
Ionic Compounds
Types of bonds broken during change of state:Ionic Bonds
Strength of the bond broken:Strong
Melting point and Boiling point:High
Metals Types of bonds broken during change of state:Metallic Bonds
Strength of the bond broken:Strong
Melting point and Boiling point:High
Enjoy!
Entry by
Json Lim
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